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LICORICE

  • Writer: Dave
    Dave
  • Mar 30, 2023
  • 5 min read

Updated: Apr 8




Licorice


Botanical Name

Glycyrrhiza glabra (European), Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Chinese)

Common Name

Licorice, liquorice

Family

Fabaceae (Leguminosae)

Parts Used

root

Native To

Europe, northern Africa, Asia, Australia, North and South America

Harvesting Guidelines

Harvest root in autumn after 2-3 seasons of growth.






Botanical Information:

 Licorice, scientifically known as Glycyrrhiza glabra, is a leguminous herb native to Europe and Asia. It is most commonly found in dry, sandy soils. The plant typically grows 3 to 7 feet tall and has long, slender stems with oval leaves. Its root, which is harvested in the autumn after 2-3 seasons of growth, is the primary part used in herbal medicine due to its sweet, yellowish flesh and potent medicinal properties.


Modern Uses

Respiratory Support: Licorice root is commonly used in modern herbal medicine to treat respiratory conditions such as sore throats, bronchitis, and asthma. It is a demulcent, meaning it helps soothe and moisten irritated tissues, especially in the throat and lungs. Licorice’s expectorant properties help in loosening mucus and clearing congestion, making it effective for dry coughs and chronic respiratory issues.

Anti-inflammatory Effects: Licorice is widely used for its anti-inflammatory effects. It has been traditionally used to soothe gastric ulcers, alleviate indigestion, and reduce inflammation in the digestive tract. Its demulcent properties make it particularly helpful in calming inflamed mucous membranes. It can also be used topically in creams or salves to reduce skin inflammation, such as eczema or psoriasis.

Antiviral and Immune System Support: Licorice is known for its antiviral properties, primarily due to a compound called glycyrrhizin, which has been shown to prevent the replication of certain viruses. Licorice is effective against viral infections such as influenza, herpes simplex, hepatitis, and respiratory infections. Licorice also supports the immune system by stimulating the body’s natural defenses to fight off pathogens.

Adaptogenic and Endocrine Support: Licorice has adaptogenic properties, meaning it helps the body cope with stress and adapt to challenging situations. It supports the adrenal glands, which are involved in the body’s stress response. In particular, licorice is used to treat adrenal exhaustion and promote energy, making it beneficial for individuals suffering from chronic fatigue or stress-related conditions.

Digestive Health: Licorice has been used traditionally to treat a range of digestive issues, including ulcers, indigestion, and heartburn. Its ability to soothe the mucous membranes of the digestive tract helps protect against ulcers and reduce inflammation caused by acid reflux. In addition, licorice is thought to improve nutrient absorption and stimulate appetite in individuals with digestive issues.


Indigenous and Historical Use


Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): Licorice has a long history of use in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) where it is often referred to as the "Great Harmonizer." In TCM, licorice is considered a vital tonic used in many herbal formulations to enhance the effects of other herbs and reduce their toxicity. It is used to support the digestive system, promote energy, and boost the immune system. Licorice is also considered a Qi tonic, aiding the body’s energy and improving overall vitality.

Ancient Greek and Roman Use: Licorice has been used since ancient times for its medicinal properties. The ancient Greeks and Romans valued licorice for its soothing and healing qualities, often using it for respiratory issues, sore throats, and digestive problems. The Greek physician Dioscorides mentioned licorice as an important herb in his pharmacopoeia, while the Romans used it in confectionery and as a beverage flavoring. Licorice was also used for its sweetness in candy and as a drink called “liquiritia.”

Middle Eastern Use: In the Middle East, licorice root has been used as a tonic to restore vitality and balance the body’s systems. It was commonly included in herbal formulas for liver support, digestive health, and to treat coughs. The sweet root was highly regarded as a treatment for respiratory conditions such as coughs, colds, and asthma.


Spiritual and Symbolic Significance


Spiritual Uses: Licorice is sometimes used in spiritual practices for its sweet and harmonizing qualities. In some traditions, licorice is believed to have the power to balance energies and promote peace and harmony. Its connection to sweetness also links it symbolically to positive and nurturing qualities, making it useful in rituals for attracting love, prosperity, and peace.

Licorice has been used in certain cultures to enhance meditation or to protect the user from negative energies. Its gentle nature is thought to create a calm and grounded atmosphere, helping individuals feel balanced and secure.


Scientific Studies and Evidence

Licorice and Respiratory Health: Several studies have shown that licorice root has beneficial effects on respiratory health. One study published in Phytotherapy Research demonstrated that licorice has expectorant properties, helping to relieve chest congestion and clear mucus from the airways. Licorice’s anti-inflammatory effects help reduce irritation in the respiratory system, making it a useful remedy for coughs, bronchitis, and other respiratory conditions. (Source: Phytotherapy Research, 2008)


Licorice and Adrenal Support: Licorice root has been found to support adrenal function and help combat adrenal fatigue. Research published in Endocrine Research has shown that glycyrrhizin, a compound found in licorice, stimulates the adrenal glands, aiding in the production of cortisol, which helps the body manage stress. This makes licorice useful in treating conditions related to adrenal insufficiency, such as chronic fatigue syndrome. (Source: Endocrine Research, 2001)


Licorice and Ulcers: Licorice has been studied for its protective effects on the stomach lining and its ability to promote the healing of ulcers. A clinical trial published in The American Journal of Gastroenterology found that licorice extract, especially when combined with other herbs, was effective in reducing the symptoms of gastric ulcers and promoting healing. (Source: The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2005)


Antiviral Activity of Licorice: Licorice root, particularly its glycyrrhizin content, has demonstrated antiviral activity in several studies. Research published in Virology Journal showed that licorice extracts could inhibit the replication of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and reduce the severity of symptoms in affected individuals. Licorice is also effective against other viruses, including influenza and hepatitis B. (Source: Virology Journal, 2009)


Adult Dose


Decoction: ½ to 1 teaspoon per cup of boiling water, simmered for 10 minutes, three times a day. Powder: 1 to 2 grams of powdered root 1 to 3 times a day.* Tincture: 1.5-3 mL of a 1:5 tincture up to three times a day.


Safety:

Licorice should not be taken long-term (more than 4 to 6 weeks) or in high doses. Licorice can induce a drop in potassium, leading to high blood pressure, weakness, and eventually congestive heart failure. Those with high blood pressure, heart, liver, and kidney disease, diabetes, and pregnant women should not use whole licorice. In general, licorice should be taken in combination with other herbs to reduce potential side effects . The deglycyrrhized extract (which has had the glycyrrhizin removed) is safe to use, and has no side effects; however, if using licorice as an antiviral, the deglycyrrhized extract will be ineffective. Note that licorice has a mild laxative effect.


Actions

Adaptogen,Antiinflammatory,Antibacterial,Antispasmodic,Antiviral,Demulcent,Hepatic,Tonic


Energy

MoisteningNeutralSweet


References:


  • Buhner, S. (2013). Herbal Antivirals. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing.

  • Holmes, P. (1997). The Energetics of Western Herbs, Volume 1, Revised Third Edition. Boulder, CO: Snow Lotus Press.

  • Gladstar, R. (2001). Rosemary Gladstar's Family Herbal. North Adams, MA: Storey Books.

  • Winston, D., & Kuhn, M. (2007). Herbal Therapy and Supplements. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

  • Buhner, S. (2013). Herbal Antivirals. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing.



Information offered on Achula and on this page is for educational purposes only. Achula makes neither medical claim, nor intends to diagnose or treat medical conditions. Women who are pregnant or nursing, and persons with known medical conditions, should consult their licensed healthcare provider before taking any herbal product. Links to external sites are for informational purposes only. Achula neither endorses them nor is in any way responsible for their content. Readers must do their own research concerning the safety and usage of any herbs or supplements.

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